冰盖生长和消融的实验研究与数值模拟

Numerical simulation and experimental study on growth and decay of ice-cover

为研究冰盖生长和消融的规律,在实验室内设计了水体结冰实验。通过实验得到冰盖厚度、水温和冰内温度随时间的变化过程。根据对水体结冰和融化物理过程的分析,建立水温与冰盖生长、消融相互作用的耦合模型。采用耦合模型来模拟水体结冰和融化过程,通过对模拟结果与实测结果的对比,发现冰厚和水温的计算值与实测值基本吻合。此结果为研究高海拔、高纬度地区封冻水库的结冰机制及冰盖下的水温时空分布提供重要理论基础。

The experiment in the laboratory was designed for understanding the rule of growth and decay of ice-cover. The changes of three parameters ---ice thicknesses, water temperatures, and ice temperatures could be gained from this experiment. Water temperature model and the model of growth-decay of ice-cover were established, through the analysis of the physical process of water freezing and melting. The process of freezing and melting of water was simulated by coupling these two models. It was showed that the calculated results of the ice thicknesses and water temperature agreed to the measured results on the whole, by comparing the simulation results with the measured results. This result was able to provide theoretical principle for studying freezing mechanism and spatial-temporal distribution of water temperature in a reservoir at high-altitude and high latitude regions.