莎士比亚,作者之谜与作者之死

Shakespeare,the Mystery of Authorship and "the Death of the Author"

对莎士比亚生平和作品的研究从一个方面印证了巴斯有关作者之死的论证:作者之死同时也是文本的独立和读者的解放。巴斯认为作者会以"书面作者"的形式重新出现,而福柯也认为"作者功能"在作者之死之后继续决定着特定话语在社会的流通与运作。莎士比亚在后现代的语境中已经成为政治文化空间,是典型的"书面作者",具有强有力的"作者功能"。

Shakespeare can be a classic case of＂the death of the Author＂, for in Barthes＇ view, the death of the author means the liberation / independence of the text, and the birth of the reader. If we take into account Barthes＇ idea of＂paper author＂, and Foucault＇s idea of ＂author-function＂, then by nature of his reputed obscurity, Shakespeare is also a natural ＂paper-author＂. Through ＂author-function＂, Shakespeare becomes a site for multiple interpretations, and is kept alive by critics of different schools of thought.