不同温度对黑粪蚊交配行为和生殖力的影响

Studies on mating behavior and fecundity of Scatopse sp.(Diptera:Scatopsidea) at different temperatures

【目的】研究温度对黑粪蚊（Scatopsesp.）交配行为和生殖力的影响,为黑粪蚊的综合防治提供理论依据。【方法】将室内人工气候箱的温度分别设置为15,18,21,24,27,30,33和36℃,用于饲养黑粪蚊,系统研究温度对黑粪蚊交配、产卵及成虫寿命等的影响。【结果】黑粪蚊求偶过程包括3个连续阶段。温度对黑粪蚊交配、产卵及成虫寿命等均有显著影响。温度低于21℃时,成虫交配前期随温度的升高而逐渐缩短;在21-36℃,成虫交配前期则随温度升高而逐渐延长;21℃时成虫交配前期最短。在15-24℃,成虫交配率随温度升高而提高,当温度高于24℃时,成虫交配率则随温度升高而降低。成虫交配持续时间随温度升高而缩短。24-30℃是黑粪蚊繁殖的最适温度。大于30℃或小于24℃时,成虫产卵量明显下降,孵化率显著降低,雌虫腹内遗留卵量增多。黑粪蚊成虫寿命和产卵前期均随温度的升高而逐渐缩短;在各个温度处理下,雄蚊的寿命均长于雌蚊。【结论】温度对黑粪蚊成虫的交配行为和生殖力影响显著,24-30℃是黑粪蚊繁殖的最适温度。

【Objective】Effect of temperature on mating behavior and fecundity of Scatopse sp.was tested indoor in order to provide a theoretical reference for the integrated management of Scatopse sp.【Method】The calling,mating and oviposition behaviors,and adult longevity of Scatopse sp.were investigated at 15,18,21,24,27,30,33 and 36 ℃ in the laboratory respectively.【Result】Results indicated that the calling behavior of Scatopse sp.consisted of three successive stages,and the different behavior performances at each stage were described,and temperature significantly affected the calling,mating,ovipositing behaviors,egg fertility and the adult longevity of Scatopse sp.The pre-mating periods of adults were shortened as the temperature increased from 15 to 21 ℃.But the pre-mating periods were gradually postponed as temperature went up right along from 21 to 36 ℃.Mating rate increased as temperature increased from 15 to 24 ℃,and then declined from 24 to 36 ℃.Mating duration of the adults was decreased as temperatures increased.The most suitable temperature for the reproduction of the adults was from 24 to 30 ℃,within which there were more ovipositing number,higher egg-hatching rate and less residual eggs in ovary of the females.The contrary facts were found beyond 36 ℃ or less than 24 ℃.The adult longevity and pre-oviposition period shortened as temperature increased from 15 to 36 ℃.In general,the adult longevity of male was always longer than that of female.【Conclusion】Temperature significantly affected the mating behavior and fecundity of Scatopse sp.The most suitable temperature for reproduction of Scatopse sp.was from 24 ℃ to 30 ℃.Higher temperature than 30 ℃ or lower temperature than 24 ℃ was adverse to the establishment of the maggot population.