马来酸酐/α-烯烃二元共聚物及其酯化物对生物柴油降凝效果的研究

Study on the Effect of Maleic Anhydride-α-olefin Copolymers and Their Esters on Biodiesel Pour Point Depression

以马来酸酐、α-C12~18烯烃和C12~18醇为主要原料,采用二元共聚和醇解,制备了马来酸酐和α-烯烃二元共聚物及其酯化物。将其作为生物柴油降凝剂,用于改善生物柴油低温流动性。通过对棕榈油生物柴油分别混入无水乙醇或0#柴油前后,加入自制降凝剂后凝点的评价,以及加入降凝剂对大豆油生物柴油凝点的考察,验证了自制降凝剂的降凝效果。结果表明,棕榈油生物柴油中分别混入40%无水乙醇和80%0#柴油,并添加质量分数3%自制降凝剂时,混合油品凝点分别降低8和25℃;大豆油生物柴油中添加0.5%自制降凝剂时,凝点降低15℃。

The maleic anhydride-α-olefin copolymers and their esters were prepared from maleic anhydride, α-C^12-18 olefins and C12-18 alcohols by binary polymerization and alcoholysis. The copolymers and their esters were employed as pour point depressant to improve the low-temperature fluidity of biodiesel. The effects of prepared pour point depressants on the pour point of palm oil biodiesel, before and after diluted by anhydrous ethanol and 0^# diesel, were evaluated. In addition, the pour point depression effects of prepared pour point depressants were verified when applied to reduce the pour point of soybean oil biodiesel. The results indicated that： when the mass fraction of anhydrous ethanol and 0# diesel in palm oil biodiesel was 40 % and 80 %, adding 3 % prepared pour point depressants, the pour point reduced by 8 ℃ and 25 ℃, respectively; by adding of 0.5 % prepared pour point depressants into soybean oil biodiesel, the pour point reduced by 15 ℃.