明朝金属全冠及其粘接剂之成分分析

Compositional analysis of two metal crowns and its cements unearthed from a Ming Dynasty grave in China by SEM

目的考察我国明朝（公元１３６８～１６４４年）的口腔修复技术，并为我国口腔医学史提供一些细节资料。方法借助目测及扫描电镜能谱分析，对江苏武进博物馆编号为０７５４／００４６的二颗馆藏明朝人类牙齿冠部的金属全冠及其粘接剂作了初步成分分析。结果考古分析表明，二牙系明朝嘉靖至万历年间（公元１５００～１６００年）遗物，均为上前牙且无牙体制备痕迹，金属全冠系锤造后焊接而成。能谱分析显示二金属冠分别含金７９３３％及８５８６％，含铜２０６７％及１４１４％，粘接剂内含锌元素。结论我国明朝已能利用高硬度铜金合金及粘接材料修复牙体缺损，表明我国明朝已有较成熟的口腔修复技术。

Objective To investigate the prosthodontic level of our country in Ming Dynasty (from A.D. 1368 to A. D. 1644) and provide our courtry's history of stomatological development with some details. Methods By means of range estimation and SEM, the structure and shape of the metal crowns on the two human teeth which were unearthed from a Ming Dynasty grave, numbered 0754/0046 and stored in Wujin museum of Jiangsu province, as well as the compositions of the crowns and its cements were examined and analysed preliminarily. Results The two teeth looked like upper anterior teeth and no marks of preparations were observed. The golden yellow metal crowns might have been hammered and welded into shape. The spectrum analysis of SEM showed the crowns were made from gold copper alloy and the cements contains Zinc. Conclusion The defects of teeth could have been restored with extra hard gold copper alloy and cement luting materials during A.D. 1500～1600 in China.