靖远松叶蜂交配行为研究

Study on copulation behavior of sawfly Diprion jingyuanensis Xiao et. Zhang

为了更好的了解靖远松叶蜂的繁殖特性，本研究对靖远松叶蜂（Diprion jingyuanensis Xiao et.Zhang）的交配行为进行了研究。靖远松叶蜂雄蜂羽化从8：00-13：00，高峰期为上午9：00-10：00，占雄蜂羽化总量（95头）的72.6%雌蜂羽化时间从9：00-15：00，11：00-12：00为高峰，占雌蜂羽化总量（168头）的76.2%。对新羽化的雌雄蜂进行配对交配观察，发现靖远松叶蜂的雌雄交配时具有明显的选择性，有一些雌雄蜂相遇多次也不互相交配，而有些雌雄蜂之间很容易交配。雌蜂交配率为56.39%，雄蜂交配率为35.42%。为此对交配和未交配的雌雄蜂的体长、头宽进行了测量，结果显示交配的与未交配的雌雄蜂虫体大小没有显著差异。靖远松叶蜂雌雄蜂均能多次交配，单个雌蜂最高交配次数为9次，其中交配4次以上的占26.7%，交配2-3次的占36.7%，交配1次的占30%，没有交配的占6.7%。单个雄蜂最高交配次数为4次，其中交配4次以上的占3.3%，交配2-3次的占6.7%，交配1次的占50%，没有交配的占40%。雌雄蜂交配持续时间较长，交配时间最短为19 min，最长为58 min。雌雄蜂从羽化第一天就可以交配，平均寿命分别为4.1 d和2.4 d。

In order to better understand the breeding characteristics of Diprion jingyuanensis Xiao et. Zhang and provide the theoretical basis for its pest control techniques, mating behaviors were studied. The males emerged from 8：00 a. m to 1：00 p. m. , with the peak from 9 to 10 a. m, which accounted for 72.6% of the total. Females emerged from 9：00 to 15：00, peak time from 11 to 12 a. m, accounting for 76.2 % of the total. The newly emerged males and females were pared and the mating behaviors were observed. It was found that the individual male and female had obvious choice when mating, some could only mate with specific ones. The mating rate of females was 56.39 %, and that of males was 35.42 %. The measure of mated and non - mated male and female body length and head width show that there were no significant differences between these two groups. D. jingyuanensis could mate several times. For females the highest was 9 times mated more than 4 times accounted for 26.7%, 2 to 3 times 36.7%, only once 30 %, unmated was 6.7 %. The highest mating time for male was 4 times 3.3 %, 2 to 3 times 6.7 %, once 50 %, unmated 40 %. The mating lasted from 19 minutes to 58 minutes. Both sexes began mating from first day of emergence. The average life of the female and male was 4.1 days and 2.4 days.