7种乙类传染病健康生命年损失研究

Study on loss of healthy life years in patients with infectious diseases

目的从健康生命年损失的角度研究艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、麻疹、痢疾、肺结核、梅毒7种传染病对健康的影响。方法运用伤残调整生命年(DALY),对中国2005年艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、麻疹、痢疾、肺结核、梅毒7种传染病所造成的健康生命年损失分年龄、分性别、分地区进行计算。结果7种乙类传染病中,DALY强度居于前3位的是肺结核、梅毒、乙肝,分别为0.8228,0.0768,0.0539人年/千人。不同疾病早逝与伤残引起的损失在DALY中所占比重不同,其中艾滋病和痢疾以早逝引起的损失为主,而肺结核与梅毒以伤残引起的损失为主;肺结核的DALY强度70～岁组最高,艾滋病DALY强度30岁～组最多;麻疹和痢疾的DALY强度集中在0岁～组;男性DALY强度大于女性;西北地区的肺结核,华东地区的梅毒,黄河中游的艾滋病DALY强度分别为1.0687人年/千人,0.2146人年/千人,0.1104人年/千人。结论7种乙类传染病中,肺结核对健康的影响最大;艾滋病和痢疾的健康生命年损失主要由死亡引起,梅毒、肺结核和乙肝主要由残疾引起;除梅毒外,男性的DALY强度均高于女性。不同传染病高发年龄段不同;西北地区肺结核的DALY强度位居全国首位。

Objective To study on the effect of seven kinds of infectious disease on health from the aspect of healthy life year. Methods Using DALY to analyze the loss of healthy life years in populations of different age, different gender and different areas caused by infectious diseases（ three contributors of AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, measles, diarrhea, tuber- culosis,syphilis） in 2005 in China. Results The fh-st three DALY were tuberculosis, syphilis and hepatitis B（0. 8228, 0. 0768 and 0. 0539 ） among the seven infectious diseases. Different diseases had different DALY component. The DALY due to AIDS and diarrhea were mainly caused by death, but that of tuberculosis and syphilis were caused by disability. The DALY of tuberculosis was mostly contributed by the age group of over 70 and that of AIDS by the age group of 30 - 44 and the measles and diarrhea by the age group of 0 - 4. The DALY of male was larger than that of female. The DALY of tuberculosis in the northwest,of syphilis in the east,of AIDS in Yellow River area was 1. 0687, 0. 2146, 0. 1104 years per thou- sand, respectively. Conclusion Among the seven infectious diseases, tuberculosis contribute the greatest impact on health. The DALY of AIDS and diarrhea was mainly caused by death, but that of syphilis, tuberculosis and hepatitis B was caused by disability. The DALY of male is larger than that of female except for syphilis. The DALY of tuberculosis in the north- west is the highest all over the country.