广东省茂名市2007～2008年霍乱弧菌流行菌型及其耐药性研究

Study on epidemic isolates and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae from 2007 to 2008 in Maoming City of Guangdong Province

目的：掌握广东省茂名市2007-2008年霍乱弧菌的流行菌型及其耐药性,为霍乱的防控工作提供参考。方法：采集霍乱日常监测标本和霍乱疫情标本,参照《霍乱防治手册》（第5版）[1]进行霍乱弧菌的分离鉴定和药敏分析。结果：2007-2008年共采集各类标本3924份,其中2007年检出12株01群El Tor霍乱弧菌稻叶型1d,2008年没有检出霍乱弧菌;检出的12株霍乱弧菌对20种药物的敏感度完全一致,其中敏感的抗生素有菌必治、庆大霉素等11种,占55%（11/20）,中敏的抗生素有氨苄青霉素等8种,占40%（8/20）,耐药的抗生素只有复方新诺明1种,占5%（1/20）。结论：广东省茂名市2007-2008年霍乱的流行以食源性传播为主,流行菌型为01群埃尔托型（El Tor）霍乱弧菌稻叶型流行株（1d）;该流行菌型的菌株除对1种抗生素（复方新诺明）耐药外,对其余大多数抗生素均敏感（或中敏）,没有出现多重耐药菌株。

Objective：To understand the epidemic isolates and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae from 2007 to 2008 in Maoming City of Guangdong Province, and provide the references for prevention and control of cholerae. Methods： Samples were collected and tested from the general surveillance and epidemic situation of cholerae. Bacterial strains were isolated according to the ＂Manual for the Prevention and Control of Cholera＂ （ version 5 ）. The vibrio cholerae isolates were tested for their resistance to 20 different common antibiotics using the automatic microorganism identification machine. Results：3924 samples were collected. Among those samples, 12 isolates of 01 group of El Tot vibrio sero type Inaba ld were detected in 2007 and nothing was detected in 2008. The antibiotic resistance of cholerae 12 isolates to the 20 kinds antibiotic was completely consistent. Among the antibiotics, the isolates showed the highest susceptibility to 11 kinds such as Ceftriaxone, and Gentamicin, with proportion of 55percent （11/20）, and moderate susceptibility to 8 kinds such as Ampicilfin, with proportion is 40 percent （8/20）. The isolates only showed 100% resistance antibiotics to sulfamethoxazole, with a proportion is 5 percent （1/20）. Conclusion：The disease is mainly transmitted by contaminated food and the epidemic isolates of Vibrio cholerae is identified as 01 group of El Tor vibrio cholerae sero type Inaba I d from 2007 to 2008 in Maoming City. Those epidemic isolates are susceptibile （ or moderate susceptibility ） to most of the 20 commonly used antibiotics, except sulfamethoxazole. No epidemic isolates show multiple resistance to antibiotics.