人·世界·文学——卡夫卡写作动因探析

Human ·World ·Literature——On Kafka's Motivation of Writing

作为现代主义小说的奠基者和创始人，卡夫卡（Franz．Kafka，1883～1924）对20世纪的文学影响巨大。他之所以走上文学写作的道路，主要源于他对人生和世界的绝望和悲观。他不仅视人生为一场无望的争斗，而且认为现实世界的存在对人类而言是一种束缚和压迫，甚至是一个关押和压迫人的牢房。在这种情况之下，他选择了文学和写作，视写作为唯一的精神救赎方式，写作就是他生命的全部。

As the founder of modern novels, Franz. Kafka （1883-1924） has affected the 20th century literature deeply. Kafka embarked on the path of literary writing because he took a pessimistic and desperate attitude toward the world and the life. He regarded life as a hopeless struggle and considered the real world as a kind of restraint and oppression for human. So he chose the literature and writing, and regarded writing as an only kind of spiritual salvation. Writing is all his life.