222例流浪精神病患者的临床现象学调查

Survey on Clinical Phenomenology of 222 Wandering Patients with Mental Disorders

目的：探讨流浪精神病患者的临床特征。方法：采用自编的《流浪精神病患者一般情况调查表》对222例人住我院的流浪精神病患者进行回顾性调查，并进行统计分析。结果：入院流浪患者中以男性、有职业、籍贯为外省者占绝大多数，但姓名、年龄与既往史不详者约占入院流浪患者总数的1／3～1／4；人院的直接原因以脏臭流浪、伤人毁物、扰乱交通以及言行紊乱者比例明显较高；按CCMD-3标准，能明确诊断者中以精神分裂症和精神发育迟滞比例较高，但有约1／4的患者因病史资料不详而不能明确诊断；离院方式以救助站护送回原籍地和家属接走为主，但滞留在院的比例仍有15．76％；52．25％的患者合并躯体疾病，躯体疾病以皮肤软组织损伤、感染性疾病、营养不良、骨折等占前几位。结论：流浪精神病患者对自身及社会的危害极大，合并躯体疾病多见，应引起高度重视并妥善处理。

Objective：To explore the clinical feature of wandering patients with mental disorders. Methods：222 wandering inpatients with mental disorders were investigated by using self - made 〈 general condition survey inventory of wandering inpatients with mental disorders 〉 retrospectively, the data were analyzed. Results： Most of patients were male, provincial and job holder; the direct reason of admission were mostly dirty wandering, injuring a person or destroying something, disturbing traffic and disorganized speech or behaviors ; major diagnosis were schizophrenia and mental retardation; partial patients had lack of more data; discharging manners were given priority to with laying back to hometown by the station of cure and care and taking back by family members ; 15.76% patients are still stuck in hospital; 52.25% patients had general medical conditions, including skin parenchyma scathe, infection disease, malnutrition and fracture. Conclusions： The wandering mental patients are harm to themselves and society; they have more general medical conditions. These problems should be valued and handled.