《北京市公共场所禁止吸烟范围若干规定》实施前后居民吸烟情况变化分析

Changes of smoking status before and after the implementation of "Provisions of Beijing Municipality on the Smoking Prohibition Scope in Public Venues"

目的:受北京市爱卫会委托,调查了解2008年5月《北京市公共场所禁止吸烟范围若干规定》(以下简称"政府令")实施前后全市居民吸烟情况的变化及影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,于2007年9月"政府令"实施前和2008年10月"政府令"实施5个月后进行了2次居民入户调查。结果:北京市居民吸烟率在"政府令"实施后下降了1.5个百分点,其中男性吸烟率下降了0.57%,女性吸烟率下降了2.2%;25～45岁人群吸烟率下降幅度相对较大,其中25～35岁年龄段人群吸烟率下降最明显,下降了约6个百分点;不同职业人群中企业业主和中学生吸烟率升高明显;初中、高中/中专学历人群吸烟率没有明显下降。结论:以上结果说明"政府令"的实施对吸烟主体行为有影响,遵守"政府令"的比例很高。北京市控烟立法发挥了积极的作用。

Objective：To explore the changes of smoking status and associated influencing factors among the residents of Beijing before and after the implementation of ＂Provisions of Beijing Municipality on the Smoking Prohibition Scope in Public Venues＂ （hereinafter the ＂Provisions＂） which became effective in May 2008, as commissioned by Beijing Patriotic Health Campaign Committee. Method： Two indoor investigations were carried out using multi-stage stratified clustering random sampling methods, one in September 2007 and the other one in October 2008,5 months after the implementation of ＂Provisions＂. Result：The smoking rate of Beijing residents decreased by 1.5% after the implementation of the ＂Provision＂ ,0.57% in men and 2.2% in women.The decline of smoking rates was relatively large in the age group of 25-45, with the most significant drop observed among the group of 25-35 year old （6 % ）. Stratified analysis by occupations showed a significant increase in smoking rates among enterprise ownews and middle school students. The smoking rates did not decrease significantly among people who had junior or senior high school or secondary education. Conclusion： The implementation of the ＂Provisions＂ has a big influence on the smoking behavior of the residents in Beijing. The ＂Provisions＂ has a high compliance. The legislation on tobacco control in Beijing plays a positive role.