多元系统理论观照下的莎士比亚戏剧翻译——莎剧翻译与复译及其历史文化语境的概要考察

Translation of Shakespearean Plays in the Perspective of Polysystem Theory:A Survey of the Translation and Retranslation Process of Shakespearean Plays in the Historico-cultural Context

本文结合埃文一佐哈尔提出的多元系统理论，系统地考察了一个世纪以来中国莎士比亚戏剧的翻译史。研究发现，每一个时期特有的历史文化语境和莎剧翻译的策略、方法以及深层理念之间都存在着明显的对应关系。文章在结语部分指出：由于文学观念的多样性和艺术审美的求异性的要求，莎剧翻译是一个不断复译和更新的过程，而其最终的目标则是可以无限接近的翻译的理想境界。

This essay systematically surveys the century-old history of the translation of Shakespearean plays in China from the perspective of Even- Zohar＇s Polysystem theory. Through research,we found that there is a close relationship between the historico-cultural context in different ages and different strategies, methods and ideas adopted in Shakespeare translations. At the end of this essay, it is pointed out that the pursuit of the diversity of literary styles and renewal of artistic aesthetics make the translation of Shakespearean plays a long process of retranslation and renewal,towards the ultimate goal of getting closer and closer to the ideal translation.