小麦温敏不育系YM3314的温敏特性及育性转换

Thermo-sensitivity and Fertility Transition of Thermo-sensitive Male-sterile Line YM3314 of Wheat

以YM型小麦温敏雄性不育系YM3314为材料,通过分期播种和剪穗再生分蘖的育性试验分析各播期材料的育性与对应发育时期的气象因子相关性,以揭示YM型小麦温敏雄性不育系的温敏特性及其育性转换温度条件.结果表明:YM3314秋播完全不育或育性有稍微波动,春播稳定部分可育;各播期材料的育性与孕穗期和抽穗期日平均温度呈极显著正相关,而与孕穗期的平均相对湿度呈显著负相关;孕穗前5日至抽穗后5日是YM3314育性转换的关键时期,该段时期日平均气温达到18.18℃以上表现部分可育,低于18℃表现不育.研究证实,YM3314具有温度敏感特性,育性转换的敏感时期在孕穗前5日至抽穗后5日,育性转换的临界温度约18℃左右,在二系杂交小麦研究中有重要的利用价值.

To realize thermo-sensitivity speciality and temperature condition of fertility transition,the fertility of YM3314 was investigated by the experiments of sowing in different dates and spikes of ratooning tillers in Yangling, Shaanxi. Related analysis was carried between selfed seedset rate and climate elements from booting to abloom time. The result was showed： YM3314 was highly or completely sterile as sowing in autumn and fertility was restored stably as sowing in spring; The correlation between the fertility of YM3314 with different sowing dates and average temperature per day from booting to heading time was positive and very significant;Between fertility and average relative humidity of booting time was negative and reached significant level;The important thermo-sensitive phase was 5 days before booting to 5 days after heading;It was fertile in excess of 18.18℃ and sterile when the temperature was less than 18℃. It was verified that the fertility of YM3314 possessed thermo-sensitivity speciality and the critical phase of fertility transition was 5 days before hooting to 5 days after heading. It was an important value in research of two-line hybrid wheat.