棉秆非纤维组分嗜碱细菌生物降解及制浆研究

Cotton Stalk:Biodegradation of NonCellulose Components and Pulping by Alkalophilic Bacteria

从７０余株嗜碱细菌中筛选出７株优先降解棉秆非纤维组分的菌株，以Ｂａｃｉｌｕｓｓｐ．ＮＴ－１９，３３和３９为实验菌株，摸索其对棉秆的降解条件，测试降解前后的组分变化。实验结果表明，菌株ＮＴ－１９的最适降解时间为５ｄ，培养基无需添加外源碳、氮，失重率可达２５％，木素去除率３３％；以降解后的棉秆为制浆原料，能提高得率，大幅度减少蒸煮用碱，降低黑液残碱，具有潜在的应用价值。

Seven novel strains Bacillus sp NT7,17,19,32,33,39 and 62,capable of degrading cotton stalk noncellulose components,were isolated from seventyfour alkalophilic bacteria.NT19,33 and 39 were screened as test strains,the degradation conditions and the changes in components of degraded substrates were studied.Results showed that NT19 was the proper strains with the optimum degradation time of 5 days.Additional carbon and nitrogen sources were unnecessary for the degradation.Weight loss reached 25% and lignin degradation rate was 33%.There was a great potential of NT19 in biochemical pulping.A higher pulping yield and considerable interest in environment would be obtained if alkalophilic bacteria were applied in biochemical pulping.