γ-氨基丁酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清激素水平的影响

Effects of γ-amino butyric acid on Growth Performance and Hormone Levels in Serum of Weanling Piglets

本试验研究了不同水平的γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对断奶仔猪生产性能和血液激素水平的影响,旨在探讨GABA对断奶仔猪的生长和激素变化的调节作用。试验采用随机区组设计将45头28日龄杂交断奶仔猪分为3个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复3头猪,分别饲喂添加0、0.04%和0.08%GABA的日粮。试验期28 d。试验结果表明:在43～56日龄,GABA显著改善了仔猪的平均日增重(P=0.048 9)和日采食量(P=0.035 6),但对料重比无显著影响(P>0.05)。在试验全期(28～56日龄),随着日粮中GABA水平的增加,仔猪的日采食量(P=0.110 7)和平均日增重(P=0.131 7)呈增加趋势。0.08%的GABA可以显著增强42日龄仔猪血清胃泌素水平,0.04%和0.08%GABA均可显著增强56日龄仔猪血清胃泌素水平(P<0.05)。0.08%GABA均能显著提高42日龄和56日龄仔猪血清胰岛素水平(P<0.05)。42日龄时,2个GABA组血清游离脂肪酸较对照组有显著升高,56日龄时,日粮添加0.08%的GABA显著了提高血清游离脂肪酸水平(P<0.05)。42日龄时,日粮添加0.08%GABA的仔猪血清脂肪酶活性较对照组有显著升高(P<0.05);56日龄时,2个GABA组血清脂肪酶活性均显著升高,且0.08%GABA组较0.04%GABA组也有显著增强(P<0.05)。本试验结果提示GABA能够短期改善仔猪的采食量和日增重,并调节与采食关系较为密切的胃泌素变化。

To explore the effects of γ-amino butyric acid （GABA） on growth performance and hormone levels in serum of weanling piglets, 45 cross-bred piglets weaned at age of （28 ±2） d were randomly allotted to be fed one of three diets containing 0, 0.04% or 0.08% GABA for 28 days. There were five replicates per treatment with three piglets in each replicate. Results showed that GABA increased average daily gain （P = 0. 048 9） and average daily feed intake （P = 0. 035 6） from 43 to 56 days of age （P〈0.05）. No significant effect of GABA was observed on the ratio of feed to gain （P〉0.05）. There was an increasing tendency of feed intake （P = 0.110 7） and average daily gain （P = 0. 131 7） with supplementary levels of GABA during the whole trial period. The supplementation of 0.08% GABA increased the levels of gastrin and insulin in serum of piglets at 42 and 56 days of age （P〈0.05）. And 0.04% GABA increased the level of gastrin in serum of piglets at 56 days of age （P〈0.05）. Free fatty acid （FFA） in serum of piglets fed GABA increased significantly （P〈0.05） at 42 days of age, and 0.08% GABA increased the level of FFA in serum of piglets at 56 days of age （P〈0.05）. Moreover the two GABA groups had a higher lipase activity in serum of piglets at 42 and 56 days of age, and the lipase activity in serum of piglets in 0.08% GABA group increased compared with 0.04% GABA group. The results indicated that GABA improved feed intake and average daily gain in a short-term mode, which was involved in changed gastrin production modulated by GABA.