中国中西部46县6～35月龄儿童贫血状况研究

Study on anemia of 6～35 months old children in 46 counties of midwestern China

[目的]了解我国中西部46个县6～35月龄儿童贫血患病情况及其影响因素，为改善儿童贫血状况提供依据。[方法]采用分层整群随机抽样，测量了我国中西部46个县3755例6～35月龄儿童的身高体重及血红蛋白含量，并对3698名儿童看护人进行了调查。[结果]6～35月龄儿童的贫血患病率为45．9％，以轻度贫血为主，贫血的高峰在6～17月龄，达50％以上。多因素分析显示，月龄越小、非最小子女、添加了固体或糊状食物、家里无电话、以及农村分类为社会经济落后地区是儿童贫血的危险因素。[结论]中西部儿童的贫血患病率依然较高，改善儿童贫血应以农村为重点，在辅食添加阶段提供充足的富铁食物是解决被调查地区儿童贫血的关键。

[Objective] To learn anemia prevalence of children among 6-35 months and risk factors in 46 counties of midwestern provinces in China. [ Method] The stratified randomly, non-probability （quota allocation of samples） method was used and the height and weight as well as Hemoglobin of 3 755 children were measured and their caregivers were interviewed. [Results] The anemia prevalence of children among 6-35 months was 45.9% with mild anemia as the chief one. The peak prevalence of anemia was among 6- 17 months. The risk factors identified by multiple logistic regression were younger children, non-youngest-child of a family, children fed with semi-solid foods, without telephone in household and the poorest rural area. [Conclusions] The prevalence of anemia is still high. In order to control and prevent children anemia, rural areas should be the focus and the strategies to improve complementary foods with ample iron during key developmental period of children should be vigorously advocated.