GPS载体姿态测量技术研究

Research on GPS Interferometry Attitude Determination

本文首先介绍了ＧＰＳ姿态测量技术的原理，包括坐标转换、相位干涉等，并在此基础上重点讨论了基线矢量解算过程中存在的相位模糊问题。在低精度基线较短时可采用搜索方法，并推导了模糊空间的大小和搜索检验方法；在高精度基线较长时，可采用多天线辅助解相位模糊，并推导了为满足给定的整周模糊错误概率和一定精度要求时，所需的相邻基线长度比及所需的天线阵元总数，同时给出了实例。本文的研究对ＧＰＳ姿态测量的工程应用具有一定的参考价值。

This paper first introduces the principles of GPS attitude determination such as coordinate transformation and phase interferometry.Based on them the problem of phase ambiguity is mainly discussed,which exists in baseline vector calculation.In case of short baseline for low precision,phase ambiguity can be solved by searching method,the size of the searching space and the checking methods are both provided;In case of long baseline for high precision,phase ambiguity can be solved with multiply antennas.With the permitted error probability of phase ambiguity and the required precision,the paper derives the appropriate baseline length rate and the total necessary antenna array number.These research work should be valuable in the project application of GPS attitude determination.