广西壮族自治区柳北3县少数民族地区2000-2007年疟疾流行状况分析

Analysis on malaria prevalence in 3 counties at minority regions of Northern Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during 2000-2007

目的调查分析原为疟疾高度流行区的柳北3县少数民族地区2000-2007年的疟疾流行状况及其与紧邻周边省疟疾流行区和暴发点的关系。方法对该地区2000-2007年当地居民及流动人口发热患者血检率、血检阳性率和所发现的疟疾患者资料进行收集、整理和统计分析，对流动人口疟疾患者感染地进行分类和统计分析，描述疟疾患者在3个县、乡、村和屯的分布状况，对病例感染的疟原虫虫种进行分类比较，并对流动人口疟疾患者的来源地进行分析。结果3个县8年间共查出疟疾患者202例，其中当地居民患者23例，均为间日疟患者；流动人口疟疾患者179例，以间日疟患者为主，并有恶性疟和混合感染患者。三江县流动人口疟疾患者主要是在东南亚国家感染，占当地流动人口患者的69．7％，而融水和融安两县流动人口则以在海南感染为主，占当地流动人口疟疾患者的90．9％和100％。结论2000-2007年柳北3县少数民族地区疟疾患者以当地居民由外地感染带回为主，与邻近省份疟疾流行区无密切关系，受疟疾威胁人口仅占总人口的1．34％，在该地区疟疾发病仍控制在1／万以下。

Objective To analyze the endemic situation of malaria in 3 counties at minority regions of Northern Liuzhou during 2000-2007 and the relations with the malaria transmission areas and outbreak foci of neighboring provinces. Methods The rate of blood smear examined in fever patients and positive rate of blood smears were investigated and statistically analysed. The malaria patients in mobile population were classified. The distribution of malaria patients in villages of 3 counties was described. The species of malaria parasites were also identified. Results During 2000-2007, there were 202 malaria cases reported with 179 cases in mobile population. The dominant parasite was Plasmodium vivax and there were also a few P. falciparum and mixed infection. Malaria cases in the local residents were only 23 and no falciparnm malaria cases were reported. Most malaria patients in mobile population of Sanjiang county were infected in Southeast Asia countries, accounting for 69.7% of malaria patients in local mobile population. But malaria patients in mobile population of Rongshui and Rong＇an counties were mostly infected in Hainan Province, accounting for 90.9% and 100% of malaria patients in local mobile population respectively. Conclusion At present, malaria patients in the areas were mostly infected in other provinces then returned home. There was almost no relation with the malaria transmission areas of neighboring provinces. The population threatened by malaria accounting for 1.34% of the total, thus the malaria prevalence rate was effectively controlled under 1/10 000.