基质金属蛋白酶与支气管哮喘气道重塑

Matrix metalloproteinases and airway remodeling of bronchial asthma

气道炎症和重塑是支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）的主要特征。细胞外基质（extracellular matrix，ECM）的降解和沉积失衡是导致呼吸道壁结构异常构建的重要原因，而基质金属蛋白酶（matrixmetalloproteinases，MMP）则是调节ECM代谢的主要限速酶。各种MMP及其抑制剂之间可以互相调节，也可作用于细胞因子等多种炎症因子，以增强或减弱其生物学效应。气道重塑的过程也是MMP在气道壁沉积的过程，因此对MMP及其抑制剂的深入研究，对哮喘炎症及气道重塑机制的进一步明确有着重要意义。本文着重就MMP的生物学特性以及它们在哮喘气道重塑中所起的作用进行综述。

Airway inflammation and remodeling are the main features of bronchial asthma（asthma）. Extracellular matrix （ECM） degradation and sediment imbalance are the important reason of respiratory abnormal construction of airway wall,and matrix metalloproteinases（MMP） is the main rate-limiting enzyme for the regulation of ECM metabolism. Each MMP and their various inhibitors can not only interact mutually,but also act on cytokines and other inflammatory factors to increase or decrease their biological effects. Airway remodeling is a process of MMP deposition in the airway walls. Therefore, the study in depth of MMP and their inhibitors are of great significance to further clarify the mechanism of asthma inflammation and airway remodeling. This review focuses on the biologic characteristics of these enzymes and the role of MMP and their inhibitors in airway remodeling of asthma.