肺干细胞研究进展

Advances in study of pulmonary stem cells

干细胞研究是现代医学领域研究热点之一。肺部疾病所导致的不同程度呼吸系统病理改变和功能受损，都伴随着肺组织的修复和重塑过程。对于肺部疾病的干细胞研究和应用尚有许多问题有待进一步的明确和探索。肺干细胞包括了肺组织自身的干细胞修复和肺外组织来源的干细胞修复。肺组织内的干细胞包括肺内上皮性干细胞、肺间充质干细胞、肺侧群细胞；其中肺内上皮性干细胞又包括了基底细胞、Clara细胞、Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞、“芽孢”样细胞。肺外组织来源的干细胞修复包括骨髓间充质干细胞和造血干细胞。干细胞治疗方法在临床上有巨大的应用前景。

Study of stem cells is a rapidly expanding area in modern medicine. The process of repairing and remodeling of pulmonary tissue after injury caused bydifferent diseases results in the pathological changes and functional damages. Investigations should be further continued in stem cells and cell therapies in lung biology and diseases which include the stern cells in lung and outside of lung. The former one includes the pulmonary epithelial stem cells （such as Clara cells and alveolar epithelial type [I cells）, mesenehymal stem cells and side population cells. The latter one consists of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell and hematopoietic stem cells. Stem cell therapy supplies a potential therapeutic target and an application prospect for lung diseases.