干细胞诱导分化为胰岛素分泌细胞的研究现状

Current Status on Induction and Differentiation of Stem Cells into Insulin-secreting Cells

胰腺或胰岛细胞移植是目前治疗Ⅰ型糖尿病和部分Ⅱ型糖尿病效果最理想的方法,但因来源组织短缺及需要终生服用免疫抑制剂等问题限制了它的广泛应用。利用胰腺或胰腺外的多能干细胞产生胰岛样细胞有望克服上述问题而用于治疗糖尿病。本文就将干细胞诱导分化为胰岛样细胞中所用的重要的转录因子和可溶性诱导因子及其作用以及胰岛素分泌细胞的来源做一综述。

The optimal therapy of type Ⅰ and some type Ⅱdiabetes is pancreas or islet cells transplantation, however, which is hindered by the limited availability of insulin-producing tissues and the subsequent need for life-long immunosuppression. These problems are expected to overcome by generating islet-like cells for diabetes therapies from pancreatic or extrapancreatic pluripotent stem cells. This article reviewed recent researches in this field, and focused on the instructive roles of transcription factors and the role of soluble factors on the induction of stem cells to differentiate toward insulin-secreting cells as well as the sources of insulin-secreting cells.