鼻咽癌调强放疗综合化疗急性毒副反应观察与护理

Observation on acute adverse reaction and toxicity due to IMRT combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and nursing care

目的:探讨鼻咽癌调强放疗综合化疗时的护理方法。方法:90例晚期鼻咽癌患者分调强放疗综合化疗(观察组,46例)和常规放疗综合化疗(对照组,44例),治疗期间每周观察急性毒副反应,并实施相应护理措施。结果:对照组皮肤反应、口腔黏膜反应及口干反应均比观察组重(P均<0.01);两组恶心、呕吐、便秘、白细胞下降,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:鼻咽癌综合治疗时注意观察毒副反应,及时给予有效治疗和护理措施,患者能快速度过反应期。

Objective： To explore the nursing methods in the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer with intensity modulated radiation therapy （ IMRT ） combined with chemotherapy. Methods ： 90 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were divided into observation group （ n = 46 ） and control group （ n = 44 ）. The patients in observation group were treated with IMRT combined with chemotherapy and the patients in control group were given the treatment of conventional radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The adverse reaction and toxicity were observed weekly and the appropriate nursing measures were implemented. Results： In control group, skin reaction,oral mucositis and xerocheilia were more severe than that in observation group （P 〈0.01）; there were no significant differences in the comparison of nausea,vomiting,constipation,leucopenia between the two groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion： It can help the patients pass through the period of reaction to adopt close observation on adverse reaction and toxicity and effective treatment combined with comprehensive nursing care in application of IMRT and chemotherapy to the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.