贝居因运动--性别视角的历史考察

On the Beguine Movement——the Historic Study in the Perspective of the Gender Construction

贝居因运动是兴起于12世纪,兴盛于13、14世纪的一场半世俗半修道的妇女运动。本文从性别构建的角度对其历史发展进行考察,指出这次运动打破了传统社会对女性的性别定位,女性不再成为男性的附属品,从而赋予妇女在当时所能享有的最大的自由和独立。这一运动在当时受到了以教会为代表的男性的制约与迫害,最终衰落了。

The Beguine Movement was a semi-regular women's movement in the later middle age of Europe.This article analyzes its historic development in the perspective of the gender,concluding that the beguines were not the adjuncts to any male figure or group,and they had acquired some independence and authority.But in a male dominated society,the movement was restricted and persecuted by the Christian church that was the embodiment of the male,and then declined.