次最大强度下改变坐角、坐高对自行车踏蹬技术影响的实验研究

A Experimental Research of Changing Seat Angle and Seat Heights in Hypo Most Intensity on Cyclists' Pedaling Technique

实验确证了恢复阶段驱动时相段的存在,但对踏蹬处于恢复阶段中的技术本质提出了新的认识,认为有效的骑车技术,提拉踏板并不是为了产生驱动力,而是确保下肢环节链稳定快速的跨越上下死点区域的需要;在高功率输出下,前蹬阶段增加峰力矩比恢复阶段减小负力矩对增加功率输出肩负更多的责任;不同组合下前蹬阶段的平均作用效率、左右两腿用力是否均匀是衡量踏蹬技术两个重要动力学指标;实验发现自行车运动员"大腿长与有效小腿长的比率"是影响骑行的重要"因子"之一。

The existence on the driving phase in the recovery course has been corroborated in this experiment. However, a new cognition is put forward about the technical essence of pedaling, which is thought that the effective pedaling techniques is not for producing driving force but for ensuring the need of chain of lower limbs spanning TDC rapidly and steadily in the course of recovery phase.The study proves that increasing positive moment during the driving phase takes on more responsibility than decreasing negative moment in the recovery phase, especially in condition of high-power output. Tyro important kinetic indexes appraising pedaling technique have been brought forward, namely, average efficiency of the driving phase and the equilibrium in strength of left and right legs in the course of pedaling during the different combinations. The experiment has found out the ratio between thigh length and effective calf length is an important factor influencing cycling.