浅析中国古代民间信仰产生的心理背景——以汉代民间信仰为例

Analysis on the Psychological Background of the Folk Beliefs during the Han Dynasty;With the Folk beliefs of the Han Dyansty as an Example

信仰是早期人类面对大自然的严酷而感到自身软弱无力的必然产物。在自然和社会的双重压迫下,人们感到恐惧,依靠个人力量难以与大自然和社会压迫的强大力量抗争,这就促使人们产生对超现实力量的信仰,幻想借助于超自然的神力来消除恐惧,摆脱苦难与困境,实现依靠人力难以实现的目的。祈福避祸的心理需求则成为信仰产生的深层底蕴。

Belief is the logical,product of the anoient man who is weak and powerless in the face of the cruelty of nature.Under the double oppression of nature and society, man feels terror, for it is difficult for him to strive against the powerful strength of nature and the oppression of society with his own strength. This prompts him to form the belief for the supernatural strengths, and makes him imagine that, with the help of gods, he might remove the terror, get rid of bitterness and trouble, realize what is unrealizable by one own strength. And the psychological requirement for good fortune instead of calamities becomes therefore the deep cause of those beliefs.