张家山汉简所载汉初物价初探

The Price Level Shown By the Bamboo Slips of Zhangjiashan in the Eary Han Dynasty

张家山汉简《算数书》、《奏谳书》和《二年律令》中有一些汉初物价的记录,这为我们了解汉初的经济生活提供了极其宝贵的第一手数据。通过这些记录,我们了解到汉初的米价虽然昂贵,但已明显处于回落之中;爵位价格昂贵,真实地反映了汉初爵位的含金量,体现了当时重视军功的时代特征;缯价昂贵,则真实反映了汉初手工业生产尚未恢复的状况。高祖时期奴婢价格低廉,反映了汉初经济残破,人民生活艰难的情况;吕后时期的刍稾价、棺木价低廉,则进一步印证了吕后时期西汉社会经济得到较好恢复的事实。

Suan Shu Shu, Zou Yian Shu and Er Nian Lu Ling, these Bamboo Slips of Zhangjiashan have some records of the price level in the early Han Dynasty, which provide the precious firsthand materials for studying the economy and the people＇s life level during that time. Through these records, we can conclude that： （1） though the price of rice was still high in the early Han Dynasty, it was obviously in the falling down period already; （2） the expensive price reflected that the importance of the rank of official and the time - character that military achievements are more respected in that time; （3） the high price of Zeng tells us the reality that the handicraft industry hadn＇ t yet revived in the early Han Dynasty. The price of the lower slaves in the Emperor Liu Bang period showed the bad situation of the people lived in; the low prices of Chu Gao, the wood for coffin proved the fact that the social economy had further recovered well in the Emperoress Lu period of Han Dynasty.