农业文化遗产资源旅游开发的时空适宜性评价--以贵州从江“稻田养鱼”为例

The Temporal and Spatial Suitability Assessment in the Tourism Resources Development of Agricultural Heritage System —Taking Congjiang County in Guizhou Province as a Case

科学认定和评价资源是旅游开发利用的前提,其中资源旅游开发的时段选取和空间选定问题尤为重要。本研究以贵州从江"稻田养鱼"农业文化遗产资源为例,立足"遗产资源—旅游开发"两方面、"时间—空间"双维度构建指标体系,对遗产资源旅游开发的时空适宜性进行了定量评价。结果表明:①夏初(6月)和秋季(9月～10月)是从江县遗产资源旅游开发的最佳季节(月份);②东北部的"斗里-西山-雍里-丙妹-高增-贯洞-洛香-庆云"是目前进行旅游开发的最佳区域;受旅游可进入性差的影响,西南部各乡镇遗产资源的旅游开发适宜度较低;③提高下江镇遗产资源的景观优势度和完整度可贯通东北—西北部适宜区构筑旅游大区,提升全县的旅游吸引力。

Clarify and assess the tourism resources in a scientific way is the premise of the tourism development, and in which the temporal and spatial assessment of the resources development is one of the most important issues. Rice-fish agricultural heritage system in China was listed in the GIAHS （Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System） inventory by FAO （Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations）, and the dynamic conservation need gives the chance of tourism development in those heritage sites. The Rice-fish System could be considered as a kind of tourism resource and the value or function of it should be evaluated before tourism development in those areas, at the same time, it is also an important aspect of the tourism planning in those sites. Taking the Rice-fish system of Congjiang County as a case, this paper assesses the temporal and spatial suitability of the agricultural heritage development as tourism resources by using the quantitive method and building the index system from the temporal and spatial point. The result shows that： 1） the beginning of the summer （in June） and Autumn （from September to October） are the best seasons for the rice-fish agricultural heritage tourism development; 2） the towns such as ＂Douli-Xishan-Yongli-Bingmei-Gaozeng-Guandong-Luoxiang-Qingyun＂ in the northeast of Congjiang County are the best areas to make tourism development, while the towns in the southwest of the county are not in a good condition for tourism development as their poor accessibility; 3） to connect the northeast and the southwest parts of the county and integrate the tourist zone are very important for the tourism development, and it is crucial to pay attention to the transportation problem of Xiajiang town which is the joint point of the two parts. The index system built to access the temporal and spatial suitability of rice-fish system tourism development is easy to implement and clear to understand, which can provide the basis for the other studies and lay the foundation for the agricultural heritage tourism development study.