硅铝氧化物溶胶对羊毛纤维的阻燃改性及其热降解研究

Study on the flame retardant modification and thermal degradation of wool fiber treated with Si-Al oxide sol

用SiO2、SiO2-Al2O3、Al2O3溶胶对羊毛纤维进行阻燃处理,并采用氧指数(LOI)、剩炭率、热分析、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对处理前后羊毛纤维的阻燃性能及热降解行为进行了研究.对比未阻燃样品,阻燃羊毛的剩炭率、氧指数升高,热降解温度、放热峰温度升高,阻燃性得到明显改善.依据阻燃羊毛热降解行为的变化,初步探讨了阻燃羊毛的阻燃机理:硅铝氧化物使羊毛的热稳定性增强,延缓了羊毛纤维的热降解,抑制可燃性气体的产生以及炭的氧化,并且有效抑制了烟雾及有毒气体的排放.

The wool was treated by SiO2, SiQ-Al2O3, Al2O3 sol. The flame retardance and thermal degradation behavior of untreated and treated wool fiber were studied by limited oxygen index （LOI）, left char yield, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） methods. The wool treated with sol showed increases in LOI and char yield, increases in decomposition temperature and the temperature of exothermic peak comparing with the untreated sample, which indicated that the flame retardance of treated wool was distinctly improved. The flame retardant mechanism was proposed according to the change of the thermal degradation behavior of flame retardant wool. The Si-Al oxide increased the stability of wool, prolonged the thermal degradation of wool fiber, restrained the generation of combustible gas and oxidation of char, and effectively inhibited the discharge of smoke and toxic gas.