接种丛枝菌根真菌对棉花生长和黄萎病的影响

The Effect of Inoculation with AMF Inoculum on Growth and Verticillium Wilt of Cotton

研究了接种两种丛枝菌根真菌(Glomus mosseae和Glomus etunicatum)对棉花生长和对黄萎病的影响,并且探讨了丛枝菌根真菌诱导植物抗病性的可能机制。结果表明,接种丛枝菌根真菌后能促进棉花的营养生长,增加叶绿素的含量,促进光合作用的进行;在先接种丛枝菌根真菌然后接种黄萎病原菌的情况下,可以增加棉花根内总酚含量,诱导棉花根内过氧化物酶(POD)的合成,提高POD的活性,明显降低棉花黄萎病的发病率和发病指数。另一方面,当黄萎病原菌侵袭时,丛枝菌根真菌对根的侵染率降低,说明两者之间存在着一定的相互关系。丛枝菌根的形成对于棉花植株产生了多方面的影响,而丛枝菌根真菌诱导植物抗病性的机理是一个关于植物组织结构和生理生化发生变化的复杂过程,与改善植物营养、与病原物竞争光合产物和侵染位点、激活植物防御机制等方面相关。

The test studies on growth and verticillium wilt of cotton inoculated by AM fungi of Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum, and discusses the possible mechanisms for induced disease resistance by AMF. The results indicate that the AMF inoculation can promote the growth of cotton plants and increase the content of chlorophyll in leaves. Under the condition of the combination of inoculation with AMF first and pathogen afterwards, the content of total phenol in cotton roots was increased, inducing the synthesis of POD enzyme in cotton roots was induced and POD activity was increased. The disease incidence and disease index of mycorrhizal cotton plants also decreased significantly. On the other hand, the mycorrhizal infection rate of cotton plants decreased when the plants exposed to pathogen fungi. It is proved that there are certain interactions between the two kinds of fungi, AMF and Verticillium dahliae. The establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiotic relationship between AMF and plant introduced influences on plant in many aspects, and the mechanism for the resistance of plant against pathogen induced by AMF is a complicated process involving many changes in plant tissue structure, physiology and biochemistry, such as improving plant nutritional status, competing photosynthesis products and colonization sites with pathogen, and activating plant defence reaction.