明清西安与周边地区道路交通建设及商路拓展

Trade Routes around Xi'an in Ming Dynasty

商路是联系市场的纽带与桥梁,商路走向改易会直接影响商业市场兴衰。明清西安与周边地区商路有一个逐渐发展完善的过程,这一过程也是近代西安交通道路格局形成的基础。明代陕西商路主要借助驿路交通,商业市场以此为依托,形成沿驿路走向分布的地域格局。入清以后,随着边事平静,军队撤走,经济发展受外在因素的干扰越来越少,商路与驿路逐渐分离。关中商路出现多元发展趋势;陕北商路则向北与向东发展;这一时期,陕西商业市场分布格局也出现明显改易,陕北表现得尤其明显,充分表现出商路与市场分布格局在空间上的互动关系。

As the link or bridge among markets, trade routes are directly associated with rise and decline of trade markets. Trade routes in Ming and Qing Dynasties lay foundation for highway traffic layout of modem Xi＇ an city. Trade routes develop on the basis of post roads in Ming Dynasty. However, they gradually separate from each other in early Qing Dynasty because of end of the frontiers wars, withdrawal of troops and decreasing external destructive interference in economic development. The great change of trade routes of Shaanxi Province in Ming Dynasty indicates the interactions between trade routes and distribution of trade markets in space.