鲁甸县105例HIV/AIDS病例流行病学分析

Epidemic analysis on 105 cases with HIV/AIDS in Ludian County

[目的]掌握鲁甸县HIV/AIDS流行病学特征,为更好地制定控制策略与规划提供科学依据。[方法]对鲁甸县历年来发现的信息完整的105例HIV/AIDS疫情资料进行分析和描述。[结果]全县91.7%的乡镇有疫情分布,共发病105例,以21岁～40岁的青壮年人群为主,占90.49%,其中男性农民和待业青年的比率分别占67.63%和25.72%;男性中86.6%为静脉吸毒传播,女性以性传播和不详途径为主,占78.2%;外地人口比例占60%,本地占40%;发现时间主要集中在2004年以后,每年均以10例以上速度递增。[结论]鲁甸县艾滋病流行的重点地区是人口相对较为集中的乡镇,重点人群是21岁～40岁之间的男性青壮年农民和待业青年。必须有针对性地开展艾滋病防治工作;必要的经费投入是做好艾滋病防治工作的前提和保证;加强感染者管理是控制传播蔓延的重要环节;多部门协调与配合,全社会的广泛参与,是预防和控制艾滋病的关键。

Objective To make the HIV/AIDS epidemic features clear and provide the evidence for setting out HIV/AIDS prevention strategy and planning. Methods To analyze the complete HIV/AIDS data of 105 cases found in continuous years in Ludian. Results 91.7% township reported HIV cases; among the total 105 cases, the dominant age distribution is from 21 to 40 years old, accounting for 90.49%, with 67.63% male rural people and 25.72% unemployed youth; transmission by intravenous drug using accounted for 86.6% in men, and sex or unclear routes were reported in 78.2% women; the local residents accounted for 60% and 40% cases were out of Ludian and the reported period for most cases was after 2004, with increase speed of 10 cases annually. Conclusion The HIV epidemic serious areas were townships with dense population, the major people infected with HIV were rural men or unemployed youth aged 21 to 40 years old. It is necessary to develop HIV/AIDS prevention with targets and specialty. The necessary financial input is the guarantee to develop HIV/AIDS program. To strengthen the management for people with HIV/AIDS is the important component and the multi-sector coordination and whole society involvement are also critical to control HIV/AIDS.