建水县静脉吸毒者高危行为及艾滋病认知状况调查

Survey of HIV high risk behaviors and awareness among injecting drug users in Jianshui County

[目的]了解建水县吸毒人群HIV相关危险行为状况及对艾滋病相关知识知晓情况,为进一步对吸毒人群行为干预提供依据。[方法]2007年9月在建水县社区、村委会、戒毒所内,采用全国统一的行为调查问卷对360名静脉吸毒者进行调查。[结果]360例静脉吸毒者中,吸毒年限≥10年占61.4%,共用过针具占81.1%,固定性伴吸毒者占18.4%;最近一个月注射毒品时共用过针具占11.0%,最近一次性行为未使用安全套占76.4%;不同文化程度的静脉吸毒者对HIV经血液传播、母婴垂直传播及蚊虫叮咬是否传播的知晓率上存在着统计学差异(P<0.05)。[结论]当地吸毒人群HIV相关危险行为发生率较高,应加强吸毒者安全行为的健康教育,扩大针对吸毒和高危性行为干预的覆盖面;针对不同文化程度的静脉吸毒者应开展与之相对应的宣传教育及干预措施。

Objective To learn about the HIV high risk behaviors and awareness among injecting drug users （IDUs） in Jianshui County and to provide the evidence for behavior intervention among this population. Methods In Sep, 2007, the uniform questionnaires were applied to survey 360 IDUs in the communities, village committees and detoxification centers. Results Among 360 IDUs, 61.4% people used drug for at least 10 years, 81.1% experienced in sharing needles, and 18.4% had fixed sex partners; 11% shared needle in last one month; 76.4% did not use condoms in last sex; and the awareness rats of HIV knowledge, namely HIV transmission by blood, mother to child transmission and transmission by mosquito bite or not, have statistical difference with different education backgrounds, P〈 0.05. Conclusion Local IDUs had the HIV related high-risk behaviors with many possibilities, the safe behavior education for IDUs should be strengthened, the intervention coverage of drug using and high risk sex behavior should be expanded, the various public education and intervention patterns should be applied for IDUs with different education backgrounds.