输电线路可听噪声研究综述

Research Review on Audible Noise Control of Transmission Line

笔者较全面地阐述了输电线路可听噪声控制的重要意义和这些年来国内外的研究成果,说明了导线表面空气电晕放电是交直流输电线路噪声问题产生的原因。系统地分析了交直流输电线路可听噪声的两大类影响因素,即线路结构、设计和施工方面的影响与大气及环境等外部条件的影响。归纳了降低输电线路可听噪声的方法,提出目前工程中较为可行的措施是增加分裂导线的直径和分裂数,改变分裂导线的间距。介绍了国外交直流输电线路可听噪声的限值及目前开展的特高压交直流输电线路可听噪声的限值情况,交流输电线路按照55 dB(A)进行限制,直流输电线路在平原地区按照45 dB(A)进行限制,在高海拔地区按照45～50 dB(A)进行限制。

The importance and recent achievements in audible noise control of transmission line are reviewed, and gas corona discharge is referred to the source of audible noise of AC or DC high voltage transmission line. The factors resulting in audible noise of AC or DC high voltage transmission line are analyzed, including the structure, design and construction of the transmission line, as well as the atmosphere and environment. The measures to reduce audible noise of transmission line are summed up, and such engineering solutions to reduce the audible noise as increasing the diameter of bundled conductors, increasing the bundle numbers and changing the interval between bundled conductors are considered applicable. The limits of audible noises of AC and DC transmission lines abroad are introduced. The audible noise limits for Chinese UHVAC and UHVDC projects are listed, e.g. 55 dB（A）for UHVAC transmission line, 45 dB（A）for UHVDC transmission line in plain, and 45 dB（A）to 50dB（A）for UHVDC transmission line in high-altitude areas.