共同法律行为理论的初步构建--以公司设立为分析对象

A Preliminary Construction of Common Legal Activity Theory

共同法律行为相对于契约行为,具有表意人身份相同、意思表示内容相同、意思表示方向相同、意思表示所指向的目标实体相同等特点,这些特点是共同行为理论创立的基础。共同法律行为在成立和生效要件、法律效果、特别是在责任救济方面,有着不同于契约行为的独特之处。共同行为的本质特性是指向特定的目标实体,违反共同法律行为,必然首先损害目标实体的利益,同时也可能直接损害其他行为人的利益,导致双重责任的产生。共同行为理论在对公司法现象的解释力上要明显优越于公司契约理论。

Compared with contractual acts, multilateral acts of law possess the characteristics of unification in meaning manifestation, identification in status , integrity in validation, group relationship, long - term co- operation and identical object which constitute the basic for the theory establishment of multilateral acts of law. Multilateral acts of law own aspects different from contractual acts in formation, effectuation, legal conse- quence and remedies in particular.. The essential nature of multilateral acts of law is that it points to the spe- cific main subject. The violation of the multilateral acts of law will inevitably result in the impairment of the in- terests of the main subject, and will simultaneously infringe other subjects＇ interests simultaneously which will cause the double legal liabilities. To apply the theory of multilateral acts of law to explain the relevant phenom- enon in corporation law would have superiority to the corporate contractual theory.