杂交水稻种子特征特性与播种品质关系的研究概述

Study on the Relationship between the Characteristics of the Hybrid Rice Seed and the Sowing Quality

杂交水稻种子播种品质较常规种子低,表现在发芽率、成苗率较低,浸种催芽、播种育秧生产环节中技术难度较常规稻种子大。种子裂颖率、穗萌芽率、种子带菌率较高等是影响播种品质的主要因素。作者综述了杂交水稻种子裂颖的原因、裂颖种子的测定和分级方法、贮藏特性与种用价值;杂交水稻制种穗萌发芽的表现和影响因素。提出了控制裂颖和穗萌动发芽的技术措施。

The sowing quality of hybrid rice seed is poorer than that of the routine seed; concretely, the chance to sprout and become young seedlings is uncertain, and it is more difficult in the technique in hasten germination and sowing seeds to raise seedling soaking seeds to .The main facts to affect sowing quality lies in the rates of cracking from grain husk and germinating, and the carrier rate. This paper claims the reasons of hybrid rice seed cracking from grain husk, the setting-out and grading selection of this kind of seed; then points out the characteristics of storage and the value for practical use and analyses the emergence of the procedure in seed production by the hybrid rice seed as well as the effect factors; finally puts forward to the measures to take the control of cracking from grain husk and germinating.