基于3S技术的金沙江干热河谷区LUCC研究——以云南省元谋县为例

A 3S-Based Study on Landuse and Land Cover Change in the Jinshajiang Xerothermic Valley——A Case of Yuanmou County,Yunnan Province

以云南省元谋县为例,集成3S技术,对多期Landsat-TM数据进行土地利用/土地覆被信息提取及建立数据库,采用单一土地利用/土地覆被动态度和综合土地利用/土地覆被动态度指标,分析金沙江干热河谷区土地利用/土地覆被结构变化规律,提出基于生态环境建设的金沙江干热河谷区土地利用优化对策。并结合DEM数据分析分析金沙江干热河谷区土地利用/土地覆被垂直分异及其变化规律,结果表明:1.草地和林地是土地利用/土地覆被的主体,但林地以疏林地为主,草地以低、中覆盖度草地为主,具有相当大的敏感性和脆弱性;2.土地利用较为粗放,如水浇地占耕地、人工草地占草地及城乡建设用地占总用地面积的比例等相对较低;3.土地利用/土地覆被结构发生了较快的变化,耕地、草地、水域、未利用土地面积有所减少,而林地、城乡建设用地面积增长较快;4.低山区和中低山区为以林草地为主、耕地亦有一定比例的类农林牧交错带,是干热河谷区生态环境最脆弱的地带。

This article takes Yuanmou County Yunnan Province as an example to analyze the land-use and landcover structural change rule in the Jinshajiang Xerothermic Valley by way of integrated application of 3S technologies, information extraction from the multi-phase Landsat - TM data of land use and land cover and the establish ment of a database, and application of single dynamic degree and comprehensive dynamic index of land use and land cover. Then vertical differentiation of landuse and land-cover was also analyzed in conjunction with DEM Data. The results show that （ 1 ） The grassland and woodland is the main part of the land use and land cover, but the woodland featuring sparse woodland ity and vulnerability; （2） The land and the grassland featuring low and middle coverage have considerable sensitivuse is relatively extensive, and irrigated farmland takes up a relatively low portion of the farmland, artificial grassland, and construction land in town and country; （3） Rapid changes prohave taken place in land-use and land-cover structure, and farmland, grassland, water body and bareland area have been reduced, but there has been a rapid increase in woodland and construction land in town and country ; （4） the agriculture, forestry and pasture interlaced zone consisting mainly of woodland and grassland and so me proportion of farmland in the low and middle mountain area is the most fragile part of the ecological environment in the xerothermic valley. Regarding the ecological environ mental construction optimal counter measures are suggested towards the land use in the Jinshajiang Xerothermic Valley.