小儿静脉穿刺后皮下瘀血和血肿的原因及预防

目的:探讨小儿静脉穿刺后皮下瘀血及血肿发生的原因及预防措施。方法:对2536例住院小儿不同部位静脉穿刺后皮下瘀血及血肿情况进行了回顾性分析。结果:四肢静脉穿刺及头皮静脉穿刺发生皮下瘀血和血肿的几率较小,而颈外静脉和腹股沟股静脉穿刺容易发生皮下血肿。差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:选择适当的穿刺部位,静脉穿刺后正确地拔针和准确地按压穿刺部位,可以减少皮下瘀血及血肿的发生,减轻患儿的痛苦。

Objective:To explored The causes and prevention of sugillation and hematoma after venepuncture of children. Methods:to analyze the frequency sugillation and hematoma of different place after venepuncture in 2536 Hospitalization case. Results: the rate of sugillation and hematoma that venepuncture in limbs and scalp was less than jugular veins and groin veins, the difference was significant. Conclusion: selecting proper position of puncture, correct withdrawal of needles after venepuncture and accurate press the site of puncture could decrease the rate of sugillation and hematoma and lessen the pains of child patients.