基于GIS和RS技术的辽宁省土壤侵蚀强度空间分析

Spatial Analysis on Soil Erosion in Liaoning Province Based on GIS and RS

利用GIS和RS技术,以辽宁省为例,提出土壤侵蚀强度危险指数(Soil erosion dangerous index,SEDI),对不同土地利用类型和分市县土壤侵蚀强度空间分布进行了定量分析,实现了对辽宁省土壤侵蚀程度分级。结果表明:辽宁省土壤侵蚀面积4.23×106hm2,土壤侵蚀区内平均侵蚀模数2801 t.km-2.a-1,以水力侵蚀为主;不同土地利用类型土壤侵蚀程度表现为:草地233>林地122>农地68>城镇用地65>未利用地60>水域55;土壤侵蚀程度等级为较严重是辽宁西部低山丘陵区的朝阳市174、葫芦岛156、阜新市110,这个区域对于辽宁省土壤侵蚀环境的影响是最大的。

Based on GIS and RS techniques, taking Liaoning Province as an example, soil erosion danger index （SEDI） was introduced. The spatial distribution of soil erosion intensities were quantitatively analyzed to realize the grading of the degree of soil erosion in Liaoning Province. The results indicated that the area of eroded soil was 4.23 × 106 hm^2 , the average erosion modulus was 2 801 t·km^-2·a^-1 , hydra-erosion was the main erosion type. The intensities of different land use types, indicated by SEDI were in the order of grassland, 233〉forests, 122〉farmland. 68〉urbanland 65〉unused land, 60〉waterarea, 55. Serious soil erosion occurred in low hilly area in western Liaoning： Chaoyang with an SEDI of 174, Huludao, 156, and Fuxin, 110. These areas contributed major impact on soil erosion in Liaoning.