磺化聚芳醚的研究现状

The reaserch status of sulfonated polyarylether

对制备磺化聚芳醚用质子交换膜的几种磺化方法进行了述评.其中,浓硫酸或发烟硫酸磺化法、氯磺酸磺化法和三氧化硫磺化法的磺化效果好,但易引起聚合物的交联或降解;三氧化硫与三乙基磷酸酯络合物和三甲基硅基氯磺酸酯性能温和,但对某些聚芳醚的磺化效果不好;有机锂试剂亲核取代法、烃基磺酸基接枝法和磺酸基化单体直接聚合法制备的质子交换膜导电性能良好,但反应条件苛刻,原料价格昂贵.指出,寻找廉价、磺化效果好、反应条件温和的磺化试剂将是今后该领域的研究方向.

Several sulfonation approaches of preparing sulfonated polyarylether for proton exchange membrane （PEM） are introduced. Concentrated sulfuric acid, oleum sulfonation, chlorsulfonation, sulfur trioxide sulfonation can give good sulfonation results, but they can cause cleavage and crosslink of the polymer. Sulfur trioxide-triethyl phosphate complex and trimethylsilyl chlorosufonate are mild, however, they do not work with some polyarylethers. Regents of organic lithium nueleophilic substitution, alryl sulfonated graft and monomer sulfonated eopolymerization are expensive and the reactions need rigorous conditions although they can give PEM with good conduction. A research direction of the field is to develope low price, sulfnation results and mild reaction conditions.