秋葵纤维的化学脱胶

Chemical degumming of okra fibers

为充分利用农业生物资源,丰富纺织用天然植物纤维,对秋葵纤维进行化学脱胶的理论探讨和试验研究。通过化学分析,确定了秋葵的化学成分组成。根据组成,采用二煮法和漂煮联合法对秋葵化学脱胶工艺进行初探。研究在碱煮过程中逐次加入助剂JFC、Na2SiO3和尿素对胶质去除的影响,并对脱胶效果进行比较。利用扫描电镜分析脱胶前后纤维纵向结构的变化,并对纤维的拉伸强度进行测试与评价。实验结果表明:秋葵纤维主要化学成分为50.8%纤维素、20.21%半纤维素和16.66%木质素;漂煮联合是一种有效的脱胶方法,经该法脱胶后的秋葵纤维性能与黄麻工艺纤维性能接近。

In order to make full use of agricultural biotic resources and enrich natural vegetable fibers for textile industry, chemical degumming of okra fibers was explored in both theoretical and practical aspects. The chemical components of okra fibers were determined by chemical analysis. The chemical degumming of okra was studied through adopting two boiling and boiling-bleaching methods in the experiment. The additives, such as JFC, Na2 SiO3 and urea, have been successively added in the progress of alkali boiling. Then the effect of additives on the removal of gelatin was analyzed. The longitudinal structures of the okra fibers before and after degumming were examined by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and their tensile strength was tested. The result showed that the main chemical components of okra fibers are as follows： 50.8% cellulose, 20.21% hemi-cellulose and 16.66 % xylogen. Boiling-bleaching is an effective degumming method for okra fibers, and the property of the okra fibers degummed by this method is similar to that of the degummed jute technical fiber.