水稻抗旱选择导入系产量相关性状分析

Analysis of Traits Related with Yield of Drought Tolerance Selected Introgression Lines in Rice

为广泛利用水稻种质资源隐蔽抗旱有利基因来全面改善品种抗旱性,以粳型恢复系C418为轮回亲本,以3个籼型品种(Manawthukha,粤香占,特青)为供体构建了抗旱极端选择导入群体。3个群体两种水分条件对比,千粒重和单株有效穗数均表现出正相关,最大相关系数分别为r=0.88^(**)和r=0.64^(**);不同水分条件下产量构成因子与产量的相关分析结果显示,水分胁迫下单株有效穗数和每穗总粒数在所有群体中都是对产量贡献较大的因子;不同水分条件下产量构成因子与产量的通径分析结果显示,不同群体的产量构成因子之间存在着相互促进或相互制约关系;优良株系在胁迫下单株产量极显著高于轮回亲本充分体现了远缘杂交优势,说明应用回交导入方法利用籼稻优良基因改良粳稻品种是可行的。

To improve drought tolerance （DT） of rice variety by using the hidden gene resources,we selected the restorer of japonica rice （Oryza sativa L. ） C418 as the recurrent parent and three indica donors （Manawthukha, Yuexiangzhan, Teqing）to construct introgression populations under extreme drought condition. TGW（ thousand grain weight） and PN （No. of panicles per plant） showed significant positive correlation （r = 0.88^ ＊＊ and r = 0.64 ^＊＊, respectively） in the three populations observed in the two water treatments. Correlation analysis of yield components to yield under different water conditions indicated that PN and SN （ No. of spikelets per plant） were the highest contributors to GY （ Grain yield per plant） among all of the populations under drought stress. The path analysis between GY and its components in either well-watered condition or water stress condition showed that the promoting or restricting relations between yield components varied dynamically. The phenotypic values of super lines revealed heterosis of long-distance hybridization and suggested that it is possible to use favorable genes of indicia donors to improve the japonica rice.