华北平原井灌区农户灌溉行为调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Farmers' Irrigation Actions in North China Plain well irrigation district

对于节水农业的研究,人们关注更多的是其技术的优劣,而忽略了人为因素的影响。本文采用分成抽样的方法,对华北平原井灌区农户灌溉行为及其影响因素进行了问卷调查。数据统计显示农户间在灌溉组织形式、小麦、玉米灌溉制度及灌溉量上存在较大差异。分析表明农户的从业方式、非农业收入、受教育程度、年龄对其灌溉制度的形成具有显著的影响,同时,目前普遍存在的联户制小水利下的轮灌管理方式在一定程度上促使农户灌溉次数的增加。针对这种情况,可以从宣传、教育、政策、管理等多方面对农户进行引导,挖掘人为因素的节水潜力,提高节水效果。

For water - saving agriculture research, people are more concerned about its technical merits and demerits, to the neglect of the impact of human factors. In this paper, using a stratified random sampling strategy, questionnaire survey about farmers＇ irrigation actions and its impact factors was conducted in the North China Plain well irrigation district. The statistical results show that there are great differences among farms with regard to irrigation organization, irrigation schedule of wheat and corn. Analysis shows that the factors of farmers, such as practitioners way, non - agricultural income, educational level and age, have a significant impact in the evolvement of crop irrigation schedule. Meanwhile, the prevalence of rotation irrigation management under union households＇ small irrigation system promoted the irrigation times to some extent. In view of this, countermeasures comes from propaganda, education, policy, management and other aspects could be introduced to develop water - saving potentialities from human factors and improve water - saving effect.