氮肥运筹对免耕高留茬抛秧稻氮素吸收、运转和子粒品质的影响

Effects of nitrogen strategies on nitrogen uptake,utilization and grain quality of broadcasted rice under no-tillage with high standing-stubbles

田间裂区试验研究了氮肥运筹对免耕高留茬抛秧稻氮素吸收、运转和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,随施氮量增加,水稻吸氮增多,转移到穗部的比例下降、滞留在叶片中的比例增加,氮素干物质生产效率和产谷效率下降。增施氮肥提高了糙米率、精米率和整精米率,垩白米率、垩白度和蛋白质含量随施氮量增加而上升。随施氮量的增加,淀粉RVA谱特征的最高粘度和崩解值降低,消减值和糊化温度升高。基:蘖:穗肥比为7:0:3和4:3:3处理提高了氮素农学效率、稻米蛋白质含量、消减值,降低了最高粘度。

Effects of different nitrogen levels （0, 75, 150, 225 kg/ha） and dressing ratios （basic N：tiller N：panicle N as 10 ： 0 ： 0, 7 ： 3 ： 0, 7 ： 0 ： 3 and 4 ： 3 ： 3 ） on nitrogen uptake, utilization and grain quality of broadcasted rice under notillage with high standing stubble were studied. The results showed that, increasing N application enhanced the nitrogen accumulation of plant and increased the percentage of transferred N in leaves, but reduced N production efficiency and N harvest index and the percentage of transferred N to panicles. Increasing N application also increased the brown rice yield, milled rice yield, head milled rice yield, chalk kernel rate, chalk degree and protein content. And it reduced the peak viscosity and breakdown value, and increased the setback value and pasting temperature of the RVA profile of rice flour. Basic N ： tiller N ： panicle N ratio 7 ： 0 ： 3 arid 4 ： 3 ： 3 had higher N agronomy efficiency, protein content and breakdown value and lower peak viscosity compared to other treatments.