中国历史文献档案中的古环境记录

PALEOENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS FROM CHINESE HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS

我国的历史文献记录是古气候、古环境信息的重要来源，对古全球变化（ＰＡＧＥＳ）研究计划的目标时段——近２０００年（人文记录和自然记录并存的时段）来说，尤其具有重要的科学价值。介绍了我国古文献中的古气候、古环境记录的概况和各项记录如水、旱、雨、雪等的数量统计，综述了这些记录被用于重建定量的气候序列、绘制历史气候复原图、编制古环境事件年表、获取高分辨率的古气候信息诸方面的主要进展。

Chinese historical documents are a major source of paleoclimatic and environmental information. The documentary records have been employed to reconstruct paleoclimatic time series,draw paleoclimatic maps and compile the chronological table of distinctive events. In reconstructing climatic series, it is obvious that the later the period, the higher resolution the reconstructed series have. As to the last 2 000 years, the resolution of reconstructed moisture index series and a dustfall frequency series has 10 years resolution. As to the recent 1 000 years, annual regional dry/wet grade series for 6 regions have been obtained. As to last 500 years, the dry/wet series with a yearly resolution for 120 smaller regions had been obtained in 1980, and adding their continuation(1980￣1992) have been published. And the reconstructed seasonal temperature series in the past 500 years has 10 years resolution. As to the recent 300 years, the reconstructed temperature and precipitation series has monthly resolution caused by the daily weather records be used. On mapping of real paleoclimatic conditions, the most are individual cases of typical drought,flood and storm rain. Reconstructed maps show the places, extents,intensity and duration of the events. As for the cases of serious cold waves, the weather process and infered temperature are indicated on map. On compiling the chronological table of distinctive paleoenvironmental phenomena related to climatic abnormals, a example is the “Hung He Qing”(Yellow River water become clear) since 23 BC. And other chronological table are now being compiled.