试谈细菌战罪行研究的科学化——从日军在华细菌战受害者人数谈起

On the Scientificization of the Study of BW Crime——Starting from the Numbers of BW Victims

国内有关日军细菌战罪行的研究在20世纪90年代中期以后进入高潮,但也出现了科学性、严谨性不足等缺陷,特别是一些有关日军在华细菌战受害者人数的说法过于随意。关于日军在华细菌战"27万受害者"和鲁西细菌战杀害中国平民"20万以上"甚至40多万的说法,仅以并不可靠的日本战犯的零星供词或者孤立的新闻报道作为唯一证据是很不严谨的。而如此随意的说法竟然在国内学术界、新闻界广泛流传,造成了严重的不良影响。细菌战罪行研究虽然具有其特殊性和重大社会政治意义,但归根结底仍然是学术研究,因而必须走科学化的道路。

After 1995, Chinese study of the BW crime of Japanese Army has been reaching an upsurge; however, there exist some defects of sientificization and exactness in the study, which are especially shown in the inaccurate BW victim numbers. It is too loose to affirm that ＂there were 270,000 Japanese BW victims in China＂ and ＂there were more than 200,000 or 400,000 BW victims in West Shandong Province, only basing on the questionable and fragmentary statements of some Japanese war criminals or a single report from newspapers. However, the loose statements like above are widely spreading in academic and press circles, which will make serious negative influence. Although the study on BW crime is very special and political, it is still an academic study after all. So, it must be placed on a scientific road.