2007年医院住院患者医院感染分析

Nosocomial Infecion of Inpatients in 2007

目的了解住院患者医院感染特点,分析其原因,为预防与控制医院感染提供科学的理论依据。方法采用回顾性的调查方法,对医院2007年住院患者发生医院感染病例进行统计学分析。结果在住院的54 505例患者中有2325例发生医院感染,医院感染率为4.27%;重症监护病房(ICU)感染率最高为33.57%;感染部位因科室的不同而不同,下呼吸道是最常见的感染部位(27.19%);医院感染的病原体中革兰阴性菌占48.05%、其次是病毒与真菌,分别为占23.25%、14.45%,革兰阳性菌占14.15%;不同月份感染率有所不同。结论医院感染率与疾病种类相关;加强医院感染管理、合理使用抗菌药物,预防传染病传播是降低医院感染的有效措施。

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical feature of nosocomial infection and analyze the correlative reasons, to offer the scientific theory basis for preventing and controlling the nosocomial infection. METHODS A retrospective survey was undertaken in the data of hospitalized cases during 2007. RESULTS Totally 2325 nosocomial infections in 54 505 patients were analyzed in 2007. The infection rate of nosocomial infection was 4. 27% ; the highest infection rate was in ICU （33. 57%）; the infection sites were different in distinct departments and the most common infection site was lower respiratory tract （27.19 %）; among pathogens isolated from nosocomial infection cases, 48.05% of them were Gram-negatives, 23.25% were virus, 14.45% were fungi, and 14.15% were Gram- positives ; the infection rate was diverse in different months. CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial infection rate is related to different underlying diseases; there are many effective actions to reduce the nosocomial infection, such as strengthening the nosocomial infection management, using the antibacterial drugs reasonably and preventing communicable diseases prevalence.