不同旱作保水措施对龙廷杏梅园地土壤水环境调控效应的影响研究

Study on Water Content of Long-ting P.Simonii Carr.with the Technique of Dry Farming and Water Retention Covering

对龙廷杏梅树盘进行不同材料及不同组合方式的覆盖处理,结果表明:多重处理由于保水剂吸附土壤径流,覆草增加土壤贮水量,覆膜阻隔水分蒸发,蓄水保墒效果最好,其次是双层处理,而单一处理较差。覆膜处理下土壤水分都有向表层聚集的现象;各深度测定点都以多重处理的土壤水分含量最高。不同覆盖物由于保蓄水分的能力不同,对下层土壤水分的影响差异较为明显,各处理比对照平均增产12 027.27 kg/hm2,平均增加净收入21 649元/hm2,产量与土壤含水量在0.05水平上显著相关(r=0.689),不同旱作保水措施对龙廷杏梅园地具有良好的土壤水环境调控效应,经济效益显著。

The experiments of different materials were carried out on the Long-ting P. Simonii Carr. orchard soil with different cross patterns. The results showed that super absorbent polymer can adsorb soil runoff, mulch with grass can improve soil water-holding, mulch with veil can cut off moisture content evaporation, water storage and retention of multiple treatments was the best; and the next was dual treatments, single treatment was worse. The soil water of mulch with veil had run to supper crust, the soil water of multiple treatments were higher in different depth. Different mulching had different ability of water storage and retention, the effect on soil water content in deeper levels was comparatively obvious. The average yield of each treatment was 12 027 kg/hm^2 higher than the contrast, the average net income increased 21 649 yuan/ hm^2. Yield and soil water content at the 0.05 level was significant correlation （r=0. 689）. Different dry farming and water retention covering had better effectiveness of soil water content, and had better economic benefits.