川西亚高山暗针叶林土壤渗透性能研究

Soil Permeability Capability of Subalpine Coniferous Forests in Western Sichuan,China

对川西亚高山针叶林土壤渗透性能进行研究,结果表明：（1）林地表层土壤（0-30 cm）滞留贮水量受土壤容重、孔隙度及林龄影响显著。天然冷杉林土壤滞留贮水量变化范围为593.7～694.2 t/hm^2,大小排序为：185 a〉80 a〉40 a生。人工云杉林175.8～545.1 t/hm^2,从大到小依次为40 a〉30 a〉25 a〉20 a。（2）天然林初渗率为10.6～30.1 mm/min,最大为80 a生冷杉林;稳渗率为3.3～6.4 mm/min,185 a生冷杉林为最大。人工林土壤初渗率为2.7～8.3 mm/min,稳渗率1.9～5.4 mm/min,两指标中均以40 a生云杉林为最大。（3）构建了土壤渗透过程回归方程,拟合度R^2为0.869～0.959,表明回归方程可以较好地反映各试验标准地土壤入渗过程。

The study on soil permeability of subalpine coniferous forests was carried out in western Sichuan, China. The results showed that： （1）In 0-30 cm soil layer, the non-capillary water capacity（NCWC） is affected strongly by soil bulk density, porosity and age of forests. The NCWC in natural forests ranged 593.7-694.2 t/hm^2, and capacity sequence is 185 years〉80 years 〉 40 years old. The NCWC ranged 175.8-545.1 t/hm^2 in plantation forests, and the sequence is 40 years〉30 years〉25 years 〉 20 years old spruce. （2）The soil initial permeability rates of natural forests varied 10.6-30.1 mm/min, the highest one is 185 years old forests of fir; steady-state permeability rates ranged 3.3-6.4 mm/min, the highest one is 185 years old forests of fir. The IPR and SPR in plantation forests changed 2.7-8.3 mm/min and 1.9-5.4 mm/min respectively and the highest velocity of both is 40 years old forests of spruce. （3）Constructing soil permeability regression model and its fitting degree is 0. 869-0. 959, which shows that equation analog could reflect the process of each plots in this research.