于田绿洲土壤盐分特征分析

Study on the Characteristics of Soil Salinity on Yutian Oasis

于田绿洲土壤盐渍化日趋严重,直接影响当地农业发展和生态环境建设。本文选取于田绿洲中不同土地类型的土壤垂直剖面,对土壤盐分、可溶性离子及其相应地下水各个离子、矿化度进行测定;运用统计特征值、趋势面等方法进行分析。结果表明,于田地区盐渍化程度较为严重,可用耕地较少。农田盐渍化程度远低于其它土地类型区。盐渍化区土壤盐分垂直剖面上表现为漏斗型,表聚现象明显;农田、交错带盐分垂直剖面上表现为上下剖面盐分含量大,中部含量小,表明这片区域排碱能力较好。并且盐渍地相对于农田,含盐量及一些主要离子的空间变异性远远超出农田变异,并且不同土壤的盐分特征明显不同。上述研究为于田绿洲生态环境改善提供了一定的理论基础。

In Yutian Oasis more and more serious soil salinity is a major problem that directly affects the development of local agriculture and ecological environment. Selecting different types of soil profiles on Yutian Oasis, the soil salt content, soluble salt ion content and the various ions and salinity, in corresponding groundwater were measured and analyzed using statistical character value and the trend surface. Results show that the salinity level of Yutian Oasis is quite serious and less arable land is available. The salinity level of farmland is far lower than the salinity level of other types. Soil salinity of the saline land shows a funnel-shaped type, and it cumulates strongly toward the surface. Soil salinity on the vertical soil profile of farmland and Oasis-Desert ecotone show that salt content of upper and lower sections are large, but the soil salinity of the central section is small. Compared with the farmland, the space variability of salt and some other major ions on saline land is far beyond the space variability of farmland. Different soil salinity has significantly different characteristics. The study has provided a theoretical basis for improving the ecological environment to improve the ecological environment of Yutian Oasis.