河南农村基础教育资源需求意愿调查与问题分析

Survey on the Demand Wishes of Henan Rural Basic Education Resources and Its Countermeasures

农村教育资源配置和需求,一直是影响农村教育质量和农村教育发展方向的重要决策因素。而城市化决定着农村基础教育资源的基本走向,使农村基础教育资源的不均衡分布与农民需求出现严重偏差,如何均衡农村基础教育资源成为关注的焦点,但"自上而下"的研究往往脱离农民的实际需求意愿。"自下而上",即以农民的需求意愿为着眼点进行调查访谈,整理分析表明,农村基础教育资源存在着"一元化"教育观和"知识至上"知识观的教育认知问题,人力资源、物力资源、财力资源存在总量投入不足和存量结构失衡的问题。基于此,提出农村教育资源的配置,应从农民的需求意愿出发,扩大各级财政对农村基础教育的投资比重,从法律层面给予支持;优化教育资源的配置;转变教育思想、教育模式和教育内容,强化农村可持续教育的基本对策和发展思路。

The allocation and demand of rural education resources has been one of the important decisionmaking factors which have impact on the quality of rural education and development direction of rural education. The urbanization determines the basic trend of rural basic education resources and make serious deviation happen between the uneven distribution of rural basic education resources and farmers demands. And how to balance the rural basic education resources becomes the focus of attention, but the ＂top-down＂ researches are often separated from the actual demand wishes of farmers. This paper is of ＂bottom-up＂, that is, the focus is on investigating and interviewing the demand wishes of farmers. The analysis shows that the main problems are the cognitive respects about ＂unitary＂ outlook on education and ＂knowledge first＂ outlook on knowledge in the rural basic education resources, and the imbalances between inadequate total input and stock structure exist in human resources, material resources, financial resources. Based on the mentioned above and the demand from farmers, the basic strategies and development ideas are proposed, such as the financial departments at all levels expanding the proportion of investment in basic education in the rural areas, supporting at the legal level, optimizing the allocation of education resources; changing educational thinkings, education mode and content of education, and strengthening sustainable rural education.